What Version of Democracy Will Prevail?
Sri Lanka’s 2024 elections have fast-tracked reforms that began after the country’s 2022 economic crisis, when mass protests forced limits on presidential powers.
In 2025, the new government has been pushing further toward a parliamentary system, which was in place during its independence before it converted to a presidential system in 1978.
Sri Lanka’s potential swing back fits South Asia’s traditional experimentation with different democratic models.
- Pakistan also began as a parliamentary democracy during independence, but has since then alternated between parliamentary and presidential systems.
- Bangladesh, meanwhile, transitioned to a presidential system before reverting to parliamentarism in 1991.
Author's summary: Sri Lanka reforms its democracy.
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